Botali ya makambo ya mozindo
ASTM A335 Grade P5 ezali pipe ya acier ya alliage chrome–molybdène ferritique oyo esalemi mpo na service ya roulement ya température mpe pression-ya likolo. Na chrome na kati ya 4–6% mpe molybdène pene na 0,45–0,65%, P5 epesaka kosangisa ya ntina ya résistance ya oxydation, makasi ya creep, mpe soudable. Yango ekomisaka yango pona ya malamu pona ba lignes ya chaudière pe ya vapeur, ba tuyaux ya chauffe-eau ya raffinerie, ba lignes ya réformateur pe ya procédé ya moto esika bibende ya carbone ekomata mbangu mingi to ekobungisa makasi. Tango epesameli na état normalisé mpe tempéré, P5 e maintenir stabilité dimensionnelle mpe fidélité mécanique na ba périodes ya fonctionnement ya milayi.
Composition chimique (typique, %) .
| Eloko | Makambo eza na kati (%) | Mosala |
|---|---|---|
| Carbone (C) 1.1. | Na nse to ekokani na 0,15 | Epesaka makasi, ebombami na nse mpo na soudabilité |
| Manganese (Mn) ya . | 0.30–0.60 | Déoxydation, ebongisaka mosala ya molunge |
| Silicon (Si) ya . | 0.50–1.00 | Esungaka résistance ya oxydation |
| Chrome (Cr) ya . | 4.00–6.00 | Échelle ya température ya likolo-mpe résistance na corrosion |
| Molibdène (Mo) ya . | 0.45–0.65 | Creep mpe makasi ya rupture |
| Phosphore (P) ya . | Na nse to ekokani na 0,025 | Ebatelaka makasi |
| Soufre (S) ya . | Na nse to ekokani na 0,025 | Machinabilité/toughness équilibré |
| Nickel (Ni) ya . | Na nse to ekokani na 0,50 | Extra duresse na ba médias misusu |
| Kuavre (Cu) . | Na nse to ekokani na 0,40 | Protection ya oxydation ya kobakisa |
| V, Nb., oyo ezali na kati | Na nse to ekokani na 0,02 mokomoko | Refinement ya mbuma, stabilité ya creep |
Equilibre oyo ya alliage ezali na se koleka P22/P91, yango wana ezali pete mpo na soudure mpe na PWHT, kasi epesaka kaka contrôle ya oxydation ya malamu koleka ba grades ya se-Cr.
Propriétés mécaniques
| Lopango | Esengeli oyo esengeli | Mokano |
|---|---|---|
| Bokasi ya kokangama | Monene koleka to ekokani na 415 MPa (60 ksi) . | Ezali kotelemela fracture na se ya charge |
| Bokasi ya mbuma | Monene koleka to ekokani na 205 MPa (30 ksi) . | Ezali kotelemela déformation permanente |
| Elongation ya nzoto | Monene koleka to ekokani na 30% . | Ezali kopesa nzela na kosala mpe kosala yango |
| Bokasi ya makasi | Na nse to ekokani na 163 HBW | Ebatelaka duresse mpe compatibilité ya soudure |
Ba valeurs oyo ekokani na condition ya livraison normalisée-mpe-temperé oyo esengeli na ASTM A335.
Bosali mpe Bosalisi na molunge
Esengeli kobimisa P5 mpe kosala yango na molunge-na bokebi mpo na kobatela bosali ya ntango molai-na molunge. Octal Pipe esalela nzela ya kozanga boyokani kobanda na ba billets ya Cr-Mo ya peto. Ba billets e chauffer pe e percer po esala ba mabulu, sima na moto-ba rouler to na malili-bendami na diamètre ya libanda oyo e ordre pe épaisseur ya mur. Sima ya kosala, ba tuyaux e normaliser na soki 900–950 degrés pona ko refiner matrice ferritique, ko dissoudre ba carbures non-uniformes pe kolongola ba contraintes. Etape ya température oyo elandi na soki 675–750 degrés ezongisaka ductilité mpe ebongisi structure ya ferrite–carbure tempérée stable. Cycle thermique oyo ya deux-étapes nde epesaka P5 résistance na yango ya creep mpe stabilité ya oxydation na service.
Sima ya traitement chaleur, tuyau moko moko esalemi na test hydrostatique, inspection dimensionnelle mpe examen non-destructif (courant ultrasonique to éddy ndenge epesameli). Ba tuyaux epesami na état normalisé pe tempéré na traçabilité ya chaleur mobimba (EN 10204 3.1 to 3.2), oyo ezali na tina pona ba projets ya puissance pe raffinerie.

Range ya Dimensionnel
| Paramètre | Range / Makambo ya mikemike |
|---|---|
| Diamètre ya libanda | 12,7–610 mm (1⁄2–24 in) . |
| Épaisseur ya Mur | 1,2–100 mm, na kati na yango. SCH 10–SCH 160. Ezali na ntina mingi |
| Bolai | Kino 12 m (SRL / DRL / kokata-na-bolai) |
| Lolenge ya Nsuka | Biseauté mpo na soudure to suka ya pamba |
| Tolerance ya OD | Na momesano ±1% (na ASTM A999 to boyokani) |
| WT Tolerance ya nzoto | Na momeseno ±10% . |
| Kozala semba | Mingimingi Moke to ekokani na 0,8 mm na m |
Range oyo etali ba lignes ya vapeur ya moyenne-forement mpe ba têtes ya minene ya raffinerie/processus chimique.
Mosala ya Température ya Likolo-
Na températures ya service kino soki 565 degrés (1050 degrés F), P5 esalaka oxyde compact oyo ezali na chrome-richie oyo ekitisaka écaille mpe perte ya métal. Lokola molybdène elendisaka matrice ferritique, déformation ya creep esalemaka malembe koleka na bibende ya carbone ya pamba. Microstructure tempérée esalisaka pe kotelemela cycle thermique pe dégradation ya surface, yango wana ba surfaces ya transfert ya chaleur pe épaisseur ya mur etikalaka plus prévisible na ba intervalles ya inspection. Pona ba applications oyo esengaka température ya likolo to stress ya likolo, ba ingénieurs bakoki kokende na P11 to P22, kasi pona service ya oxydation-critique, moyenne-temperature, P5 ezalaka mingi mingi pona ya talo-efficace.
Ba applications
Systèmes ya puissance na chaudière : ba lignes ya vapeur, ba têtes ya chaudière, ba bobines ya superchauffe-eau na réchauffe-eau na bande ya température moyenne
Ba unité ya raffinage na pétrochimique : ba tuyaux ya four na réformateur, ba lignes ya transfert ya chaud, ba têtes ya flare na relief
Ba izini ya chimique pe ya engrais : ba échangeurs ya chaleur ya température ya likolo, ba colecteurs ya réacteur pe ya procédé
Ba installations ya procédé ya pétrole na gaz : ba lignes ya injection ya vapeur pe ya procédé ya moto esika tuyau Cr-Mo elakisami
Kokokanisa na ba grades ya Cr-Mo oyo emonanaka mingi
| Bapoint | Cr (%) ya . | Mo (%) . | Tendance typique ya service |
|---|---|---|---|
| P5 | 4.0–6.0 | 0.45–0.65 | Résistance ya oxydation ya malamu na température moyenne-haute, soudabilité ya malamu |
| P11 | ~1–1.5 | ~0.5 | Tuyau général ya vapeur/chaudière esika esengeli kozala équilibré makasi na ductilité |
| P22 | ~2–2.5 | ~1 | Ba conditions ya superchauffe-eau/réchauffe-eau ya molunge oyo esengeli na résistance ya creep/rupture ya likolo |
Yango esalisaka ba ingénieurs ya projet bapona alliage correct tango ba grades ASTM A335 ebele epesami nzela.
Botali mpe Bomeki
Octal Pipe esalaka ba tests na kolanda masengi ya ASTM A335 na ASTM A999. Yango esangisi test hydrostatique, NDT ya nzoto ya tuyau pe ba bouts, vérification ya traction pe durcissement, pe ba tests ya aplat/flaring pona ko confirmer ductilité. Bomekoli ya bopanzani to ya radiographie ekoki kobakisa tango spécification ya projet esengi kelasi ya botali ya likolo. Ba résultats nionso ya test ezuami na bokuse na ba certificats ya test ya moulin mpe ba tuyaux etiamaki elembo mpo na identification mobimba.
Pourquoi Pipe Octal
Fournitures véritable ASTM/ASME A335 P5 tuyau sans soudure na état normalisé mpe tempéré
Ba dossiers dimensionnels complets, mécaniques pe NDT oyo ebongi pona ba projets ya puissance, raffinerie pe chimique
Exporter-emballage prêt, protection ya suka pe marquage
Makoki ya kopesa ba grades adjacentes (P11, P22) pona ba tuyaux pe ba systèmes ya chaudière oyo ezali na ba zones ya température ekeseni
Contenu mpe spécification ekomami na produit-ya liboso, style technique oyo ebongi mpo na publication web mpe indexation ya boluki
Mituna oyo batunaka mingi

Q1: Tuyau ASTM A335 P5 esalelamaka mpo na nini?
Q2: "5Cr-0.5Mo" elingi koloba nini mpo na tuyau ya moly chrome P5?
Q3: Tuyau soudée-ekokani na ASTM A335 P5 nini?
Q4: Ndenge nini nakoki kopona P5 vs P9 vs P11 vs P22?
Ba certifications ya ba certifications

Certificat ya CE

Mokanda ya ISO 9001

Certificat ya API Q1

Certificat ya ABS

Mokanda ya AP-5L

Mokanda ya API-5CT





